News
Age guidance prompts author rebellion
03.06.08 Caroline Horn
An unprecedented rebellion by leading children's authors has seen them band together to place a full page ad in this week's Bookseller opposing publishers' introduction of age guidance. Led by Philip Pullman, and including children’s laureate Michael Rosen, Michael Morpurgo and David Almond, over 80 authors, illustrators, librarians, teachers and booksellers will publish a statement in this Friday's Bookseller opposing the initiative and disassociating themselves from age guidance.
The authors' statement describes the proposal as "ill-conceived, damaging to the interests of young readers, and highly unlikely, despite the claims made by those publishers promoting the scheme, to make the slightest difference to sales". Pullman told The Bookseller: "Many writers felt as if we'd been presented with a fait accompli, and there was a certain amount of anger expressed. The question was what to do about it. We decided that the best way forward was simply to say publicly 'Not in our name'."
In the statement the authors outline a number of reasons why age-ranging is damaging: it will discourage children from reading outside their age band; it is over-prescriptive; and it is unnecessary in that there are plenty of clues on books as to their target reader. "To tell a story as well and inclusively as possible, and then find someone at the door turning readers away, is contrary to everything we value about books, and reading, and literature itself," it says.
A website, at www.notoagebanding.org, outlines the authors’ position and invites those who are opposed to age guidance to sign up and “disavow publicly” any connection with age guidance figures. Those who have signed include Terry Pratchett and Anne Fine.
Pullman said: "We are not in a position to dictate anything and I wouldn’t want to tell publishers how to run their business, but if one of my books is published with an age range, I’m dissociating myself from it, it is nothing to do with me."
The decision to introduce age guidance was taken in April by the vast majority of children's publishers, including Hachette, Penguin, Random House, Scholastic and HarperCollins. They will implement the system from this autumn, starting it on black and white fiction and eventually rolling it out to all children's categories. It will see a black and white design placed on the back of the books, near the bar code, with the categories of 5+, 7+, 9+, 11+ and 13+/teen.
It follows almost three years of debate and consultation led by the Publishers Association's Children's Book Group. Research conducted in autumn 2006 by Acacia Avenue revealed that 86% of book buyers would back the plans for guidance on books, with 40% saying that they would be more likely to buy more books if they featured guidance.
Authors and illustrators have complained of a lack of consultation over the planned introduction of age guidance. "I didn't hear about this survey at all until after it was done," said Pullman. "I would have thought it only common sense to ask writers what they thought about it. Nor have I seen the research findings."
Updated, 3rd June, 12.30pm
Comments on this article
By Peter Cox
Authors need to get their priorities straight. There is no evidence to support any of the rather hysterical claims made above, yet plenty of evidence that readers will find age ranges helpful. On the other hand, the insidious drive towards lower( or zero advances) and derisory e-book royalties should make every author rise up in arms. Priorities, guys…03 Jun 08 10:53
By Darren Shan
I am 100% against this, as I see it as (a) a very stupid idea, (b) a definite, irrevocable step towards censorship, and (c) a way for publishers to exert even more control over their authors, to make writers conform to THEIR idea of what a book should be, how it should be pitched and marketed, and - even more crucially and worryingly - how it should be written in the first place. I think it's very telling that authors were not asked about this in advance of the "decision" being made -- I just got an email one day telling me it was going ahead. My response? Well, to quote the late Charlton Heston, "from my cold, dead hands!!!" I have refused point-blank to allow age branding be put on my books, and will fight tooth and nail to keep it off. I am delighted that so many other children's writers share my view, and would ask those who actually back the measure to look into their souls and answer the following question truthfully: in the email I was sent, great play was made on the "fact" that age branding would be very good for sales, the concept being that adults have no idea how to buy a book for a child, and that millions more would rush into shops and buy books for kids if there was a sign on the books saying "for such or such an age" -- so my question is, "Are you giving this your seal of approval because you honestly think it's a good thing, or because you're looking to make more money?" There's absolutely nothing wrong with making money, so I've no complaints if that's your reason -- just be honest and open about it. And if you're not giving it the thumbs up because of the money - if it's something you truly, passionately believe in - then can't you just put the age branding on your own books? Do you really think it's fair and just that you enforce YOUR opinions on ME or any other writer who doesn't share them? We don't NEED an industry standard where age branding is concerned. I for one don't WANT it. I'm going to do whatever I can not to have it. And it fills my heart with great cheer to realize I'm not in a minority on this issue!! Do publishers REALLY want to generate a war with the people who create the books without which their industry cannot exist???03 Jun 08 11:06
By Naomi Mott
It is a daft idea. When I go into the library looking for a Terry Pratchett book, I might find it shelved anywhere between Childrens (9-11), 11-up, Teens, and Adult Fantasy....I'd like to see his publisher try to put an age guidance sticker on one of his books.03 Jun 08 11:35
By Robert Muchamore
Although age ranging is seen as guidance, cautious schools and local authorities will see it as a prescriptive label like a film certificate. Many bright children will be denied access to the kind of challenging books that they require to maintain an interest in reading.03 Jun 08 12:10
By Naomi Mott
So, what next - content descriptions, such as one gets on DVDs? "Contains some swearing, mild peril, and the occassional long word - Dictionary advisable."03 Jun 08 12:55
By Jake Hope
In response to Peter Cox, the statement that there is 'plenty of evidence that readers will find age ranges helpful' gives a false impression. The research undertaken clearly showed that adult buyers wanted this, but what has not been reflected is that actually books are the *easiest* gifting option. It has been suggested as part of this process that buyers will default to purchasing clothing or DVDs, however, these were found to be more difficult buying choices so it is hard to see where this assertion has arisen. The notion that this is 'hysterical' perhaps does not reflect the fact that authors and illustrators have regular contact with their readership - much more so than in the case of adult authors - and so have a better indication as to the range of ages and abilities that fall within this... If there are concerns from authors, these have been equally reflected within the library and teaching professions. Darren Shan makes a very pertinent point in the fact that this is being driven not through a desire to aid buyers, but rather under the belief it will increase sales from the non-traditional booksales sector, supermarkets etc.. This will not help to 'grow' debut authors, or is even particularly likely to lead to increased sales for individual authors because if it is to be introduced across the sector, its impact will equally have a scatter-gun effect over the whole of the sector...03 Jun 08 13:02
By Peter Cox
Talk about authors going to war with publishers over this is unwarranted. Jake significantly skirts the issue of computer games labelling – they’ve had very prominent age ranges on the packaging since 2003. Anything that sells more books is good – and this modest step can only help. By the way, Jake, why not come on Litopia daily and talk about this? Contact me here: http://podcast.litopia.com/03 Jun 08 14:20
By Jon Dean
Codswopple! It has nothing to do with being "damaging to the interests of young readers" and everything to do with money.03 Jun 08 15:12
By Nicola McNee
I am a secondary school librarian and I shelve all my fiction together. It's called respect for children as people! "Angus, thongs and full frontal snogging" currently sits on the same shelf as "Midnight's children" in my library. Give the kids some credit. They know how to pick for themselves and any self respecting adult will either take a child to the bookshop to choose a book or give them a giftcard! An age band is never ever going to help granny make a better choice. I know 10 year olds and 17 year olds who love reading their way through Philip Reeve's Mortal Engines quartet. Age banding would definitely put either end off. And that's a lot of pennies if you want to put it economically. Librarians weren't consulted by publishers about this either and, like authors, many have very strong objections to this policy.03 Jun 08 16:03
By Phil
I can't help but agree with the majority of sentiments above even if I think some may be guilty of sensationalism. I don't think there is a publisher conspiracy. Publishers simply want to make it easier for shoppers to purchase their books. There's nothing conspicuous in that. It seems to me that publishers want to stop that awkward feeling you get when you walk into a bookshop and ask for a "Jacqueline Wilson" story and discover that it could be shelved in either the '5-8' section or the 9-12'. I feel for the customer's pain. But if the only alternative is to have one great big 'Children's department' where everything is A-Z by author with the Donaldsons next to the Dahls next to the Downhams, it is, quite frankly, bonkers. Given the majority of bookshops have age-divisions within stores, I don't see why publishers are so keen on sticking another number on the back of the book. I think there is a bigger risk in age-ranging than a benefit. You stick an age on the back of the book and you're bound to lose more sales than are gained as shoppers will associate that title with the single year that appears on that book. And I'd dread to be the 10 year-old child in the playground who pulls from their bag a book with a '9' on it. Others will have '11' on their, and we know children can be cruel. I'd hate to think of the consequences of such a formal age-ranging system. Perhaps publishers should be working with retailers' existing children department layouts instead of implementing the narrow alternative of pre-printed age guidance. I feel for the customer who needs help in choosing a book, I really do and I appeal to them to ask for help. Alternatively, here's a radical thought: If your son is 8, then I'd look in the '5-8' section for a book, and open it, and read the first paragraph, and read the synopsis and see how big the writing is. Or, if he's turning 9 soon, maybe check out books in the '9-12' section (He can always "grow into it")!03 Jun 08 18:10
By Leila
I'm not so interested in the research findings, more the research methods. There's a big difference between, 1) giving 100 parents a blank sheet of paper, saying 'Write down the one thing you think would make it easier to buy books for your child," and 89 of them writing 'Age-ranging!', 2) giving parents a multiple choice questionnaire that says 'Which of A,B or C would help you to know which book is appropriate for your child's age-group, A: a sticker on the back saying 9 +, B: better signs in the children's section, C: a sticker on the front saying Parental Guidance, and 3) giving them a multiple choice questionnaire asking 'Do you sometimes/always/never find it hard to know which book is appropriate to your child's age?' I'm not a statistician, but I do know how many kinds of lie there are :-) I'm on the fence on this one, though - I don't actually think age-ranging will make a lot of difference one way or another. Nothing will stop those who read, reading. And anyone who is that confused about what book to buy for their child, isn't going to be helped by a number on the back. As Phil says, there are age-indication signs in most bookshops already.03 Jun 08 19:01
By Stephen Davies
I was staggered to read the list of heavyweights who seem so dead set against age-ranging. I must confess that if my publisher wanted to put an inconspicuous 7+ on the jacket of my junior fiction books and a 13+ on my young adult books, I would see it neither as a declaration of war nor as a betrayal of literature. I would think, How sensible of them, that might save a few parents from making wildly unsuitable book choices.03 Jun 08 21:48
By Jake Hope
Peter, there are notable differences between computer games andbooks, someof these areeducational- the fact that research indicates that children's reading for pleasure has declined in the last five years [see 'Children's Attitudes to Reading' Sainsburys and Schagen, 2004]. Children's media consumption would suggest the opposite is true for games consoles and computing so it is not an equal comparison. More children reading morebooksis definitely good, but there is a distinction to be made between developing sales - a long term objective - and generating sales... Perhaps this is where the reductive argument Jon Dean presents, that this is all about money, falls on its head. There is a wealth of material available through a variety of means- personal, electronic or in print, to guide buyers in selecting what will hopefully prove to be the right book for the right child at the right time. The issue here is about having this explicitly on the cover of a book, as a one-size fits all when childhood differs legally, culturally, religiously, familially and individually.03 Jun 08 21:58
By Liz McNaughton
I like to buy books for nieces & nephews and having no children of my own find it very difficult to choose appropriate books. Having an age-range guideline would certainly help me & I would buy more books as a result. Yes, I do ask staff at a bookshop, but when it's busy they are often not very available & when short of time, I have sometimes given up & chosen a non-book gift. This doesn't have to be prescriptive, its just another aid for those people short of time & who need some guidance.04 Jun 08 09:09
By Adrian Thompson
Books are much more difficult to assign to suitable age groups than videos, for example, because most of the action takes place inside the head of the reader. A teacher, librarian, or other ‘responsible adult’, reading Harry Potter will have one opinion of the story, while children of various ages may see exactly the same book in a completely different way. Of course, some adults may read a book, and demand the burning of every copy, and the condemnation of the writer as a witch or heretic… Children almost certainly won’t. How do you decide who is ‘allowed’ to read a book, and more importantly, WHO decides? I’ve known 12 or 13 year olds who have devoured ‘adult’ books by Stephen King, HG Wells, Isaac Asimov, Terry Pratchett, Catherine Cookson, and others, 14 year olds who, due to special needs, read Captain Underpants, as well as 18 year olds who rarely read anything more ‘adult’ than Jacqueline Wilson. Children who want challenging reading material will be forced into explaining to their parents that the age label is only advisory (in which case, why have it? Ask a school librarian (always the best source, and never short of an opinion!), public librarian or good independent bookseller for advice, or check out one of the dozens of review websites, if you need to know the age, ability or comprehension level a book’s suitable for), while older readers who either don’t want to read ‘age-appropriate’ material, or read at a lower level than their chronological age, will be faced with either reading a book with ‘5+’ on the back, or not reading at all – and in this National Year of Reading, that’s not a situation we need!04 Jun 08 13:17
By Pippe
Nicola "I am a secondary school librarian and I shelve all my fiction together" McNee is precisely the reason we need age-ranging.04 Jun 08 13:36
By VGreen
Pippe, what possible use do you think age ranging would have in Secondary School libraries? Where do you envisage I shelve Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice?04 Jun 08 16:46
By Nicola McNee
Pippa I was being deliberately stark to make my point. I arrange fiction by genre - I have sections for fantasy, thrillers, horror and "challenging reads" etc but I don't age range within those sections. There are millions of ways to guide young people without adding a age range on the book itself....online booklists by year group on our virtual learning environment, peer recommendations inside the books and so on. I just think children are individuals like me. Would I like someone telling me that because I am 50 and have a post graduate literature qualification reading "Hello" isn't appropriate for me? We all read different reading material with different reading ages depending on our mood, our emotional need, our desire for stimulation...04 Jun 08 17:01
By Lisa Glass
Darren Shan has today written an article on this over at Vulpes Libris. http://vulpeslibris.wordpress.com/2008/06/07/news-flash-soapbox-special-darren-shan-on-age-branding-in-childrens-literature/07 Jun 08 10:34
By teri
I have to say I'm not convinced either way on this topic yet as there are arguments on both sides. Yes, It would be helpful for parents, no doubt. I get many parent's/grandparents coming into the shop I work in with no idea of what books would suit their childs/grandchilds age. But surely, that's what my job is for: to help parents find a suitable book for their child's ability... oh no, wait... my shop's closing down the end of this month. And I doubt you'll be able to hunt down a member of staff in a supermarket to help you with your enquiries, for all the time pressure they get to do their own jobs (I used to work in one). When there's no one around to as, an age range in undoubtedly helpful. On the otherhand, for some books it simply won't work, unless publishers put 'for ages 6-100+' on the back. In terms of a child's ability, the one's who are able to read books above their supposed 'age recommendation' will feel fantastic, but how discouraging for the child who is below average? What a way to knock their confidence further and put them off reading. If an author feels so strongly about this issue then publisher's should certainly listen to their concerns, after all, without them there is no book to be read! Perhaps a wider survey should be completed incorporating more author's, bookseller's and parent's views?07 Jun 08 15:37
By Dani
Authors just write the things and, unless they are very famous and have huge market clout, they have little or no say on how it's marketed - that's the role of the publisher. Publishers can basically do what they like to a book, especially if there's a concensus between them, so I don't think anything the authors say is going to make a blind bit of difference - it's not as though they can up sticks and go to another publisher, if all of them are putting ages on the back.07 Jun 08 17:19
By Carolyn
I'm just wondering whether the next step will be booksellers asking for proof of age when children want to buy books? It could happen!09 Jun 08 11:32
By Graham Joyce
Naomi, content descriptions as on DVDs? It already happens. I saw a copy of my recent book for young adults plastered with an unsightly purple Waterstones sticker saying "not suitable for younger readers". Gosh, and I though I'd written it for younger readers.09 Jun 08 14:58
By donnapocockbell
As a school librarian I constantly battle with the issue of which book is suitable for which reader! I can see how it could be useful for adults buying books for children to have an indication of what age a particular book is targeted at but on the whole I just don't see how it can work because everyone is different and every parent, teacher, librarian, author, publisher has different ideas about what is right for a reader and more often then not the child will have a totally different idea! Sexual and violent behaviour and also drug taking are major issues for us in terms of content and parents sometimes write to me with their concerns which I respect but in my experience just because 2 children are both in Year 9 it doesn't mean that their interests, maturity and personal development are the same.16 Jun 08 10:57
By Justin Versetti
One question is, who is going to decide what is appropriate for whom? What standards will they use? Think back to the kinds of books you read as a child. The kinds normally given to children, or read to them in reading class. And the content therein. "Watership down", "The Rats of NIMH", "Where the red fern grows", "Animal Farm". Our reading teacher in middle school even exposed us to Shakespeare and Homer's Oddessy. I read Michael Crichton's complete library up to "Jurassic Park" before I was 14. What is appropriate? There WILL be issues like the one mentioned above about the 10 year old not wanting to be seen with a book labeled 9. And going the other way about a 10 year old not wanting to be seen with one too advanced for fear he might be thought a nerd or geek. What about over protective parents not wanting to expose their child to anything too harsh even though their child is an advanced reader? Parents will wonder WHY the ages are what they are. This won't generate sales, its simply a way to tell people what not to buy.18 Jun 08 08:27
By Patrick Michaels
This has nothing to do with lowered advances, this has to do with the child being able to read according to their level - not what some git in an office thinks they should be reading. Then again,we know how well the rating system for music and video games has worked out - so this should be just as ineffective. A child of 11 being able to read and understand Tolkein or Adams, Pratchett, etc, should be allowed to do so without approval from yet one more watchdog group.03 Jul 08 13:30
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